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Vista下驱动管理

2008-06-19 14:15:54

原文地址：http://blogs.technet.com/mniehaus/archive/2008/06/02/windows-vista-driver-management.aspx

Windows Vista driver management

In the Microsoft Deployment Toolkit (Lite Touch and Zero Touch for SMS 2003), as well as in ConfigMgr 2007, drivers are added just-in-time to a Windows Vista image as it is being deployed (after it is placed on the disk, but before it boots for the first time). This is done using the PKGMGR.EXE utility or the underlying APIs to add new drivers into the Windows Vista driver store, a special directory structure (located in C:\WINDOWS\system32\DriverStore) that Windows Vista uses to hold both in-box drivers and "trusted" third-party drivers.

在MDT2008和SCCM2007里，驱动适时地在部署过程中加入到Vista镜像里（发生在镜像应用后，第一次引导之前）。这是由PKGMGR.exe或它的API将驱动导入Vista的驱动存储中——一个特殊的文件夹结构，位于C:\WINDOWS\system32\DriverStore，里面存储了打包驱动和收信任的第三方驱动程序

It's worth noting that after MDT injects the drivers into the driver store, it no longer needs the local copies in C:\Drivers; they will be cleaned up later in the process.

在MDT将驱动放入驱动存储器后，就不再需要C:\Drivers目录，部署结束时会删除这个目录

It's also possible to add drivers later, after Windows Vista is up and running (online), using PNPUTIL.EXE, a new utility for interacting with the driver store. (Want to get really fancy? You can even self-sign unsigned drivers. See http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/library/4bbbeaa0-f7d6-4816-8a3a-43242d71d5361033.mspx?mfr=true for the details.)

也可以稍迟再加入驱动——在Vista启动与性后，使用PNPUTIL.exe，一个与驱动存储器交互的新功能，他能使用未经签名的驱动

Let's say you just want to see what additional drivers have been added to the driver store. That's pretty easy to do using PNPUTIL.EXE. Just issue this command:

PNPUTIL.EXE -e

This will show a brief listing of all third-party drivers present in the driver store. You can also delete third-party drivers (one at a time) using PNPUTIL.EXE -d, add drivers into the driver store with PNPUTIL.EXE -a, etc.

他会显示一个简明列表，列出了所有驱动存储器里的第三方驱动。你可以使用PNPUTIL.exe -d来删除第三方驱动（一次一个），PNPUTIL.exe -a来加入驱动等等。

There are some other driver management improvements in Windows Vista worth mentioning:

值得一提，有些其他方法来改进Vista下的驱动管理

Windows Vista will recursively look through specified directory structures (e.g. those specified via OEMPnpDriversPath or the DevicePath registry setting), so it's no longer necessary to list each subdirectory containing drivers like you needed to do in Windows XP. Vista会自动检测特殊的文件结构，例如通过OEMPnpdriversPath或者DevicePath键值设置，所以并不需要像XP中那样，列出每一类驱动所在的每一个相应的子文件夹
Windows Vista allows the specification of network UNC paths to locations containing drivers. A few comments about that: Vista允许使用特定的UNC地址来制定驱动位置
- Assuming the machine is domain joined, Windows Vista will use the computer account to access that share, so make sure security is set appropriately. 假设机器已经加入域，Vista会使用计算机帐号去连接共享，所以请确认安全设置争取
- Obviously this doesn't work for all types of drivers, e.g. network drivers needed to get to the UNC share. 显然并不适用于所有驱动，尤其是网卡驱动
- Don't point to huge directory structures as device installation can then take a very long time as it searches through the entire directory structure (generating lots of network traffic as it processes each INF file it finds) looking for a matching driver.不用指定大文件夹，那会花费很长时间去搜索所有的文件来定位某一个驱动
- Don't assume laptops will be on the corporate network - they may need the drivers when roaming, so plan accordingly (i.e. consider adding them to the driver store).
- This is probably most useful for common peripheral drivers - devices that are not present when the OS is installed but could be inserted at any point in the future.也许现在并没有安装某个设备，但准备好驱动绝对是有备无患
Windows Vista can automatically download drivers from the Windows Update website (at least once you have a network driver loaded). This works well for many devices, as there are thousands of drivers available via this method. (Want to search through them yourself? Be sure to check out the http://catalog.update.microsoft.com website.)Vista可以自动从MS下载驱动，这适用于大多数设备

上一篇在XP镜像中整合存储驱动　　下一篇使用自定义的TS测试软件安装

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Vista下驱动管理

Windows Vista driver management